The Public Provident Fund is India's beloved safe haven: government-backed, tax-free at every stage (EEE status), and currently paying 7.1% a year. The catch? A 15-year lock-in that rewards only the patient.
Max it out — ₹1.5 lakh a year for 15 years at 7.1% — and you get about ₹27.1 lakh, of which ₹4.6 lakh is interest the taxman never touches. Extend in 5-year blocks after maturity and the compounding really takes off.
Frequently asked questions
Is PPF interest really tax-free?
Yes — PPF enjoys EEE status: deposits get 80C deduction, interest is tax-free, and maturity is tax-free. One of the few truly tax-free instruments left in India.
Can I withdraw from PPF before 15 years?
Partial withdrawals are allowed from the 7th year (one per year, capped). Full closure is allowed only in specific situations (medical, education) after 5 years with a 1% interest penalty.
What happens after 15 years?
Extend in 5-year blocks with or without fresh deposits, or close and withdraw everything tax-free. Extending without deposits still earns interest on the balance.
PPF vs ELSS — which for 80C?
PPF: safe 7.1%, 15-year lock-in, tax-free. ELSS: market-linked ~10–12% potential, 3-year lock-in, taxable gains. Many investors split 80C between both.
When should I deposit for maximum interest?
PPF interest is calculated on the lowest balance between the 5th and month-end. Deposit before the 5th of April each year to earn interest for the full year.